How to measure the maximum throughput (TPS - Transactions per Second) that a single website instance(host) can handle via curl tool ?

tps.py, a python script using curl to measure the time per transaction requested to your website

curl --connect-timeout 10 --max-time 10 -o /dev/null -s -w "%{http_code},%{size_download},%{time_appconnect},%{time_connect},%{time_namelookup},%{time_pretransfer},%{time_starttransfer},%{time_total}" -k

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import commands
import getopt
import os
import re
import sys
import thread
import threading
import time

def help(code):
    print 'tps.py -A "useragent" -C "cookies" -H "header" -P "period" -T "tps" -U "url" -O "outputdir"'
    print 'examples:'
    print 'tps.py -U https://www.amazon.com -T 20 -P PT5M'
    print 'tps.py -U https://www.amazon.com -T 20 -P PT1H'
    sys.exit(code)

def check_args(a, c, h, p, t, u, o):
    if u == '':
        print 'no URL specified!'
        help(2)
    if t == '':
        print 'no TPS specified!'
        help(2)
    if p == '':
        print 'no PERIOD specified!'
        help(2)
    cmd = 'curl --connect-timeout 10 --max-time 10 -o /dev/null -s -w "%{http_code},%{size_download},%{time_appconnect},%{time_connect},%{time_namelookup},%{time_pretransfer},%{time_starttransfer},%{time_total}" -k'
    if not a == '':
        cmd = cmd + " -A \"" + a + "\""
    if not c == '':
        cmd = cmd + " -b \"" + c + "\""
    if not h == '':
        cmd = cmd + " -H \"" + h + "\""
    cmd = cmd + " " + u
    fp = os.getcwd() + '/tps.csv'
    if not o == '':
        fp = o + "/tps.csv"
    tpspt(cmd, t, p, fp)

def tpspt(cmd, t, p, fp):
    f = open(fp, 'w+')
    if not f:
        print "fail to create tps.csv under ", os.getcwd()
        sys.exit(1)

    m = re.match('^PT(\d+)[MH]$', p)
    if not m:
        print ' wrong PERIOD pattern!', p , 'not match "PT\d+[MH]"'
        help(2)
    m = int(m.group(1))
    if p[-1] == 'H':
        m = m * 60 * 60
    else:
        m = m * 60
    t = float(t)
    print "-tps", t, "-period", p, ",", int(m * t), "transactions will be executed!"
    print cmd
    start = time.time()
    wq = []
    ths = []
    maxm = m
    if t < 1:
        maxm = int(m*t)
    for x in range(0, maxm):
        if t < 1:
            thargs = [cmd, t, wq, int(x/t) + 1]
            th = threading.Timer(int(x/t) + 1, tps, thargs)
        else:
            thargs = [cmd, t, wq, x + 1]
            th = threading.Timer(x + 1, tps, thargs)
        th.start()
        ths.append(th)
    for th in ths:
        th.join()
    end = time.time()
    print "Finish ", int(m * t), "transactions in", int(end - start), "seconds!"
    print "Writing results to tps.csv ......"
    f.write("id,http_code,size_download,time_appconnect,time_connect,time_namelookup,time_pretransfer,time_starttransfer,time_total")
    f.write('\n')
    for line in wq:
        f.write(line)
    f.close()
    print "Done! Please check results in", fp

def tps(cmd, t, wq, x):
    print "execute", t, "transactions at the ", x, "seconds"
    while t > 0:
        starttime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time()))
        status, output = commands.getstatusoutput(cmd)
        # sample output
        # http_code,size_download,time_appconnect,time_connect,time_namelookup,time_pretransfer,time_starttransfer,time_total
        # 200,79059,0.011196,0.000273,0.000214,0.011224,1.091032,5.055447
        cells = output.split(",")
        if len(cells) < 8:
            print "ERROR!!!", output
            continue;
        cell0 = cells[0]
        if not cell0 == '200':
            print "WARNING!!!", cell0, "is not wanted response code!!!"
        cell1 = cells[1]
        cells = map(lambda x: float(x) * 1000, cells[2:])
        cells.insert(0, float(cell1)/1024)
        cells.insert(0, int(cell0))
        cells = map(lambda x: str(x), cells)
        cells.insert(0, starttime)
        wq.append(','.join(cells))
        wq.append('\n')
        t = t - 1;

def main(argv):
    useragent = ''
    cookie = ''
    header = ''
    period = ''
    tps = ''
    url = ''
    outputdir = ''

    try:
        opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv,"hA:C:H:O:P:T:U:",["useragent=","cookie=", "header=", "outputdir=", "period=", "tps=", "url="])
    except getopt.GetoptError:
        help(1)
    for opt, arg in opts:
        if opt == '-h':
            help(0)
        elif opt in ("-A", "--useragent"):
            useragent = arg
        elif opt in ("-C", "--cookie"):
            cookie = arg
        elif opt in ("-H", "--header"):
            header = arg
        elif opt in ("-P", "--period"):
            period = arg
        elif opt in ("-T", "--tps"):
            tps = arg
        elif opt in ("-U", "--url"):
            url = arg
        elif opt in ("-O", "--outputdir"):
            outputdir = arg

    check_args(useragent, cookie, header, period, tps, url, outputdir)

if __name__ == "__main__":

    main(sys.argv[1:])

example usage:

./tps.py -T 10 -P "PT3M" -U https://errong.win 
-tps 10.0 -period PT3M , 1800 transactions will be executed!
curl --connect-timeout 10 --max-time 10 -o /dev/null -s -w "%{http_code},%{size_download},%{time_appconnect},%{time_connect},%{time_namelookup},%{time_pretransfer},%{time_starttransfer},%{time_total}" -k https://errong.win
.......
Finish  1800 transactions in 184 seconds!
Writing results to tps.csv ......
Done! Please check results in tps.csv

TPS Graph

As you can found, errong.win average responding time is about 420ms, not too bad.
TPS

curl -w manual

Make curl display information on stdout after a completed transfer. The format is a string that may contain plain text mixed with any number of variables. The format can be specified as a literal "string", or you can have curl read the format from a file with "@filename" and to tell curl to read the format from stdin you write "@-".
The variables present in the output format will be substituted by the value or text that curl thinks fit, as described below. All variables are specified as %{variable_name} and to output a normal % you just write them as %%. You can output a newline by using \n, a carriage return with \r and a tab space with \t.
NOTE: The %-symbol is a special symbol in the win32-environment, where all occurrences of % must be doubled when using this option.
The variables available are:
  • content_type
    The Content-Type of the requested document, if there was any.
  • filename_effective
    The ultimate filename that curl writes out to. This is only meaningful if curl is told to write to a file with the -O, --remote-name or -o, --output option. It's most useful in combination with the -J, --remote-header-name option.
  • ftp_entry_path
    The initial path curl ended up in when logging on to the remote FTP server.
  • http_code
    The numerical response code that was found in the last retrieved HTTP(S) or FTP(s) transfer.
  • http_connect
    The numerical code that was found in the last response (from a proxy) to a curl CONNECT request. (Added in 7.12.4)
  • http_version
    The http version that was effectively used.
  • local_ip
    The IP address of the local end of the most recently done connection - can be either IPv4 or IPv6 (Added in 7.29.0)
  • local_port
    The local port number of the most recently done connection (Added in 7.29.0)
  • num_connects
    Number of new connects made in the recent transfer. (Added in 7.12.3)
  • num_redirects
    Number of redirects that were followed in the request. (Added in 7.12.3)
  • proxy_ssl_verify_result
    The result of the HTTPS proxy's SSL peer certificate verification that was requested. 0 means the verification was successful. (Added in 7.52.0)
  • redirect_url
    When an HTTP request was made without -L to follow redirects, this variable will show the actual URL a redirect would take you to. (Added in 7.18.2)
  • remote_ip
    The remote IP address of the most recently done connection - can be either IPv4 or IPv6 (Added in 7.29.0)
  • remote_port
    The remote port number of the most recently done connection (Added in 7.29.0)
  • scheme
    The URL scheme (sometimes called protocol) that was effectively used (Added in 7.52.0)
  • size_download
    The total amount of bytes that were downloaded.
  • size_header
    The total amount of bytes of the downloaded headers.
  • size_request
    The total amount of bytes that were sent in the HTTP request.
  • size_upload
    The total amount of bytes that were uploaded.
  • speed_download
    The average download speed that curl measured for the complete download. Bytes per second.
  • speed_upload
    The average upload speed that curl measured for the complete upload. Bytes per second.
  • ssl_verify_result
    The result of the SSL peer certificate verification that was requested. 0 means the verification was successful. (Added in 7.19.0)
  • time_appconnect
    The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the SSL/SSH/etc connect/handshake to the remote host was completed. (Added in 7.19.0)
  • time_connect
    The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the TCP connect to the remote host (or proxy) was completed.
  • time_namelookup
    The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the name resolving was completed.
  • time_pretransfer
    The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the file transfer was just about to begin. This includes all pre-transfer commands and negotiations that are specific to the particular protocol(s) involved.
  • time_redirect
    The time, in seconds, it took for all redirection steps including name lookup, connect, pretransfer and transfer before the final transaction was started. time_redirect shows the complete execution time for multiple redirections. (Added in 7.12.3)
  • time_starttransfer
    The time, in seconds, it took from the start until the first byte was just about to be transferred. This includes time_pretransfer and also the time the server needed to calculate the result.
  • time_total
    The total time, in seconds, that the full operation lasted.
  • url_effective
    The URL that was fetched last. This is most meaningful if you've told curl to follow location

Python : How to run a function "foo" per second and last a few minutes or hours

Scenario

I tried to run a function "foo" every second. I have to do this for a few minutes (say 5).

The function foo () sends 100 HTTP requests (including JSON objects) to the server and prints the JSON response.

In short, I have to issue 100 HTTP requests per second for 5 minutes.

Using threading.Timer

 #!/usr/bin/python import time import thread import threading  def foo():     print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time())), threading.active_count()  #5 minutes = 5 * 60 = 300 seconds for x in range(0, 300):     t = threading.Timer(x + 1, foo)     t.start() 

Expected output

function foo was executed per second and last about 5 minutes

2020-05-14 00:54:49 301 2020-05-14 00:54:50 300 2020-05-14 00:54:51 299 2020-05-14 00:54:52 298 2020-05-14 00:54:53 297 2020-05-14 00:54:54 296 2020-05-14 00:54:55 295 ....... 2020-05-14 00:59:44 6 2020-05-14 00:59:45 5 2020-05-14 00:59:46 4 2020-05-14 00:59:47 3 2020-05-14 00:59:48 2 

How to kill a bunch of processes which executed with almost same command ?

Scenario

Sometimes we need to manually terminate the process. If not killing too many processes, it is easy to find the pid and kill it. But what if there are a bunch of processes that need to be terminated? Today I encountered such a problem, started a lot of python process, but the result can not stop.

gkill Solution

add below function to your bash profile, then source the profile

function gkill() {     ps -ef | grep ${1} | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs --no-run-if-empty kill -9 } 

Then you can kill all processes that matched your serach pattern via gkill command.

gkill <search content> 

Extended knowledge

The commands related to the termination process are:

  • ps: report a snapshot of the current process
  • kill: send a signal to a process
  • killall: kill process by name
  • pkill: View or issue process signals based on name and other attributes
  • skill: send a signal or report the process status
  • xkill: destroy a client program according to X resources
  • xargs --no-run-if-empty, very useful if args from pipe are empty

pgrep

pgrep is a tool to query the process by the name of the program, generally used to determine whether the program is running. This tool is often used in server configuration and management. Usage: pgrep parameter option program name.

grep

grep (global search regular expression (RE) and print out the line, comprehensive search regular expression and print out the line) is a powerful text search tool, it can use regular expressions to search for text, and print the matching line come out. Unix's grep family includes grep, egrep, and fgrep.

In simple terms, pgrep is to query the running status of the program, and grep is to search for content.

Recommend GC log analyzer tool : GCPlot & GCeasy

GCPlot

GCPlot

Install

Docker Installation
You can run GCPlot in a Docker container.

In order to run GCPlot as-is without additional configuration, run next command:

docker run -d -p 8080:80 gcplot/gcplot

After that eventually the platform will be accessible from your host machine at http://127.0.0.1:8080 address.
GCPlot

Upload GC log

JVM arguments

-verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintTenuringDistribution -XX:+PrintGCCause -XX:+PrintHeapAtGC -XX:+PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+G1SummarizeRSetStats -XX:G1SummarizeRSetStatsPeriod=1 -Xloggc:/var/output/logs/garbagecollector.log -XX:+UseG1GC 

Analysis Groups

GC Analysis

Universal GC Log Analyzer

https://gceasy.io/
It is more powerful than GCPlot, but you have to upload you GC logs to their backend and pay to see the analysis report.

GCPlot is free and open source

Fork from github
https://it.gcplot.com/

English Language : 20 ways to give advice

MODALS

  • You have to ...
  • You'd better ...
  • You should ...
  • You ought to ...
  • You could ...

CONDITIONALS

  • If I were you, I'd ...
  • If I were in your shoes, I'd ...
  • If you want my advise, I think ...
  • If you really want to know, I'd ...
  • If I were in your position, I'd ...

FORMAL VERBS

  • I suggest (that) you ...
  • I recommend (that) you ...
  • I urge you ...
  • I would advise you to ...

CASUAL

  • You're gonna wanna ...
  • You might wanna consider
  • You should probably consider
  • You should maybe think about ...
  • Have you thought about ... ?
  • What you yought do is ... ?

English Language : Adverbs of Intensity

OMG SO INTENSE

  • completely
  • totally
  • thoroughly
  • absolutely
  • perfectly
  • extremely
  • Utterly

Kind of intense

  • fairly
  • rather
  • somewhat
  • moderately
  • considerably
  • nearly
  • kind of
  • sort of
  • noticeable

pretty intense

  • awfully
  • pretty
  • really
  • so
  • very
  • mostly
  • quite

ehh...

  • a little
  • a bit
  • slightly

Common combinations

  • perfectly
  • sort of bland
  • a little hungry
  • absolutely certain
  • pretty sure
  • quite good
  • nearly exausted
  • mostly finished
  • noticeably different

English Language : Passive Prepositional Verbs

be aimed at

  • The advertisement was aimed at males between the ages of 18 to 34

be associcated with

  • Drinking milk is often associated with strong bones

be based on

  • The study was based on 10 years of close observation

be regarded/seen as

  • Albert Einstein is regarded as the premier theoretical physicist of the 20th century

be defined as

  • Darkness is defined as the absence of light

be derived from

  • Some medicines are derived from herbs

be divided into

  • Canada is divided into provinces and territories

be involved in

J. Robert Oppenheimer was the primary figure involved in the creation of the atomic bomb.

be known as

  • The Wright Brothers are popular known as the pioneers of humann flight

be prejudiced against

  • Human are often prejudiced againt people they do not understand

be required for

  • Regular sleep is required for good health

be used in

Flamethrowers were first used in WW I

English Language : Money

Level of wealth

  • poor
    • broke, living check to check
  • rich
    • loaded, well-off

Spending habits

  • cheap
  • frugal
  • a penny pincher

Going out

  • Wanna split the bill ?
  • pay for someone
    • I will cover you
    • I will get it
    • I got it
    • It's on me
    • My treat

Using the ATM

  • I need to make a withdrawal
  • I need to withdraw some money
  • I need to make a deposit
  • I need to deposite some money

Currency vocabulary

  • bucks = dollars ( 10 bucks )
  • a grand = a thousand dollars (2 grand)
  • $0.25 = a quarta
  • $0.10 = a dime
  • $0.05 = a nickel
  • $0.01 = a penny
  • CAD$1.00 = a loonie
  • CAD$$2.00 = a toonie

English Language : Learn 26 adjectives to describe the taste and texture of food

FLAVORS

  • Sweet ( sugar )
  • Sour ( lemon )
  • Bitter ( medicine )
  • Bland ( potatoes )
    • Plain
  • Spicy ( jalapenos )
  • Salty ( chips )
  • Savory ( creamy | soups )

TASTES AND TEXTURE

  • Crunchy
  • Crispy ( fried food )
  • Mealy ( soft and sandy )
  • Mushy
  • Soggy ( wet )
  • Juicy
  • Fatty
  • Oily
    • Greasy
  • Character
  • Rich
  • Decadent
  • Heavy, Ripe

English Language : 35 words that we shorten in conversation

  • abdominal muscles - abs
  • administration - admin
  • application - app (software)
  • fabulous - fab
  • favourite - fave
  • delicious - delish
  • identification - ID
  • information - info
  • radical - rad (cool)
  • comfortable - comfy
  • advertisement - ad
  • laboratory - lab
  • limousine - limo
  • maximum - max
  • medication - meds
  • overdose -OD
  • referee - ref
  • underware - undies
  • representative - rep
    • represent

English Language : EFFECT and CAUSE VERBS

EFFECT VERBERS

  • Cause
    The 2008 financial crisis caused several problems for multinational banks

  • Produce
    The medication did not produce the desired effect

  • Lead to
    Several international incidents led to WWII

  • Result in
    The earchquake resulted in thousands of deaths

  • Create
    The increasing rate of crime is creating numerous issues

  • Bring about
    The new regime brought about stricter laws

  • Give rise to
    The election result gave rise to public protests

  • be responsible for
    No one knows who was responsible for the vandalism

CAUSE VERBS

  • be caused by
    The governmental collapse was caused by the implementation of unpopular policies

  • be produced by
    The vast majority of air pollution in Europe is produced by fertilisers and animal waste.

  • be brought about by
    Major economic benefits could be brought about by the adoption of solar roofs

  • result from
    Many benefits quickly result from exercise

  • stem from
    Most of our early beliefs stem from our parents

  • be triggered by
    World War I was triggered by the assassination of Arch Duke Ferdinand

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